Section 4 recording
Glacial Landscape Evolution
You will hear a geography lecturer explaining how glaciers shape mountain landscapes.
One speaker · British English · 3:31
In the real test you hear each recording once. Read the questions first, then play it through without pausing.
Go to the questions ↓Questions 1–6
Complete the flow-chart below. Write ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.
Word limit: ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER
Stages in Glacial Landscape Transformation
- Snow in mountain hollows is compressed into thick crystalline ice.
- The expanding ice moves down the valley, pulled by 1.
- Freeze-thaw action cracks the bedrock, and loose blocks are removed by 2.
- Rock fragments embedded in the ice grind against the bedrock, creating fine 3.
- Narrow V-shaped valleys are reshaped into a wide, flat-bottomed 4.
- Melting ice deposits mounds and ridges of debris known as 5.
- Depressions carved in the valley floor fill with water to form 6.
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