Writing Task 2 · Discussion (both views and your opinion)

Public transport investment: speed versus affordability and service: IELTS Writing Task 2 sample answer

An IELTS Writing Task 2 discussion essay question with a Band 8 sample answer, the plan behind it, the vocabulary that lifts it and what an examiner looks for.
  • 307 words
  • Discussion (both views and your opinion)
  • General Training
  • 40 minutes

The question

Some people think that governments should spend money on faster public transportation, while others believe the money should be spent on other aspects of public transport such as cost reduction and better service. Discuss both views and give your opinion. You should

About 40 minutes. Write at least 250 words.

Discussion (both views and your opinion)

Plan before you write

  1. 1

    Your position

    While high-speed infrastructure is vital for future urban efficiency, prioritising affordability and service quality offers more immediate benefits to the majority of commuters.

  2. 2

    Paragraph 2

    Investing in rapid transit systems significantly reduces travel times and alleviates urban congestion for long-distance commuters.

  3. 3

    Paragraph 3

    Focusing on ticket affordability and service reliability ensures that public transport remains an accessible and practical choice for all citizens.

  • →Give each view its own paragraph, explained fairly even where you disagree.
  • →Say where you stand in the introduction and again in the conclusion; the question asks for your opinion.
  • →Do not merge the two views into one paragraph; examiners look for both to be developed.

Model answer

Band 8 sample essay

Band 8307 words · use the structure and vocabulary, not the sentences

The allocation of public funds towards transportation infrastructure is a subject of significant debate. Some argue that governments should prioritise high-speed transit networks, whereas others contend that lowering fares and improving the quality of existing services should take precedence. This essay will examine both perspectives, ultimately arguing that a balanced approach favouring service accessibility is more beneficial for the broader population.

Advocates for faster public transportation highlight the necessity of keeping pace with urbanisation and economic expansion. By developing high-speed rail or rapid transit links, cities can effectively bridge the distance between residential outskirts and central business districts. This connectivity not only reduces daily commute times but also decreases reliance on private vehicles, thereby lowering carbon emissions. For instance, the expansion of high-speed metro lines in Tokyo has been instrumental in managing the movement of millions, proving that speed and efficiency are essential for maintaining the functionality of a modern metropolis.

Conversely, many argue that the primary barrier to public transport usage is not speed, but cost and reliability. When ticket prices remain high or services are infrequent and overcrowded, commuters are discouraged from using public systems regardless of their potential speed. Improving the passenger experience by upgrading rolling stock, increasing service frequency, and subsidising fares directly benefits low-income households who rely on these services daily. A successful example of this is seen in Tallinn, where the implementation of fare-free public transport significantly increased ridership, demonstrating that affordability is a powerful tool for encouraging sustainable travel habits.

In my view, while high-speed projects are impressive feats of engineering, they often serve a specific demographic of professional commuters. It is more equitable for governments to prioritise the affordability and reliability of existing networks. By ensuring that public transport is both cost-effective and dependable, authorities can foster a more inclusive urban environment that serves the needs of all citizens.

Examiner's view

Why this scores Band 8

The essay achieves Band 8 by providing a clear, nuanced position throughout and supporting arguments with specific, relevant examples. A Band 6 answer typically fails to address both sides equally or provides only vague, generalised statements without concrete examples to illustrate the points.

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Forty minutes, then a band for task response, coherence, vocabulary and grammar from BandLadder AI, with the sentences that cost you marks highlighted.

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8 words

Vocabulary from the essay

  • urbanisation

    The process of people moving to live in cities

  • metropolis

    A very large, busy city or urban area

  • rolling stock

    The vehicles used on a railway, like trains

  • subsidising

    Providing money to pay for part of costs

  • ridership

    The number of people who use public transport

  • equitable

    Fair and impartial treatment for all people involved

  • alleviates

    Makes a problem or suffering less severe

  • precedence

    The condition of being considered more important

More words for this topic: IELTS vocabulary for government, law and crime.

Frequently asked questions

What type of essay is "Public transport investment: speed versus affordability and service"?+

Discussion (both views and your opinion). Give each view its own paragraph, explained fairly even where you disagree.

How many words should an IELTS Writing Task 2 essay be?+

At least 250 words, in about 40 minutes. This sample is 307 words, written to fit that time with five minutes left to check grammar.

How is IELTS Writing Task 2 scored?+

On four criteria: task response, coherence and cohesion, vocabulary, and grammatical range and accuracy. Task 2 counts for twice as much as Task 1 in your Writing band.

What is the difference between a Band 6 and a Band 8 answer here?+

The essay achieves Band 8 by providing a clear, nuanced position throughout and supporting arguments with specific, relevant examples. A Band 6 answer typically fails to address both sides equally or provides only vague, generalised statements without concrete examples to illustrate the points.

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