Writing Task 2 · Two-part question

The impact of consumerism on the environment and solutions: IELTS Writing Task 2 sample answer

An IELTS Writing Task 2 two-part question essay question with a Band 8 sample answer, the plan behind it, the vocabulary that lifts it and what an examiner looks for.
  • 261 words
  • Two-part question
  • General Training
  • 40 minutes

The question

How does consumerism affect the environment? What can individuals do to change this?

About 40 minutes. Write at least 250 words.

Two-part question

Plan before you write

  1. 1

    Your position

    Excessive consumption inflicts severe ecological damage, yet individuals can mitigate this through conscious lifestyle modifications and mindful purchasing habits.

  2. 2

    Paragraph 2

    Unchecked consumerism accelerates resource depletion and generates vast quantities of non-biodegradable waste.

  3. 3

    Paragraph 3

    Individuals can foster sustainability by prioritising durable goods and adopting a minimalist approach to consumption.

  • →Answer the first question in body paragraph one and the second in body paragraph two.
  • →Signpost each with the question's own words so the examiner can tick both parts.
  • →Missing either part caps task response at 5, however good the language.

Model answer

Band 8 sample essay

Band 8261 words · use the structure and vocabulary, not the sentences

The modern propensity for rapid consumption has become a defining characteristic of global society. This trend, while driving economic growth, exerts immense pressure on the natural world, leading to habitat destruction and pollution. Addressing this challenge requires both an acknowledgement of the environmental toll of consumerism and a commitment to more sustainable individual behaviours.

Constant demand for new products forces industries to extract raw materials at an unsustainable rate, which inevitably leads to the degradation of ecosystems. Furthermore, the prevalence of 'fast fashion' and disposable electronics results in mountains of waste that often end up in landfills or oceans, releasing toxins into the environment. For instance, the global garment industry is responsible for significant water pollution and carbon emissions, as consumers frequently discard clothes after minimal use, perpetuating a cycle of perpetual waste.

To counter these detrimental trends, individuals must shift towards more responsible habits. By choosing to purchase high-quality, long-lasting items rather than cheap, disposable alternatives, people can significantly reduce their personal ecological footprint. Additionally, embracing a minimalist lifestyle—where one only acquires what is essential—can curb unnecessary production. A practical example is the growing movement of repairing appliances or buying second-hand clothing, which extends the lifecycle of products and diminishes the need for virgin resource extraction.

Ultimately, consumerism remains a primary driver of environmental decline, necessitating an urgent re-evaluation of personal habits. Through conscious decision-making and a preference for durability over convenience, individuals can exert a positive influence on the planet. Systemic change is undoubtedly required, but the collective impact of mindful consumption remains a vital component of environmental preservation.

Examiner's view

Why this scores Band 8

This essay achieves Band 8 by directly addressing both parts of the prompt with clear, logical development and a sophisticated range of vocabulary. A Band 6 response often fails to provide specific examples for both parts of the question or relies on overly generic statements that lack depth.

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Forty minutes, then a band for task response, coherence, vocabulary and grammar from BandLadder AI, with the sentences that cost you marks highlighted.

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8 words

Vocabulary from the essay

  • propensity

    an inclination or natural tendency to behave inordinately

  • resource depletion

    the exhaustion of raw materials within a region

  • non-biodegradable

    substances that cannot be broken down by organisms

  • ecological footprint

    the impact of a person on the environment

  • detrimental

    tending to cause harm or significant damage

  • curb

    to restrain or keep something in check

  • virgin resource

    raw materials extracted directly from the natural environment

  • systemic change

    fundamental transformation of the entire interconnected social system

More words for this topic: IELTS vocabulary for environment.

Frequently asked questions

What type of essay is "The impact of consumerism on the environment and solutions"?+

Two-part question. Answer the first question in body paragraph one and the second in body paragraph two.

How many words should an IELTS Writing Task 2 essay be?+

At least 250 words, in about 40 minutes. This sample is 261 words, written to fit that time with five minutes left to check grammar.

How is IELTS Writing Task 2 scored?+

On four criteria: task response, coherence and cohesion, vocabulary, and grammatical range and accuracy. Task 2 counts for twice as much as Task 1 in your Writing band.

What is the difference between a Band 6 and a Band 8 answer here?+

This essay achieves Band 8 by directly addressing both parts of the prompt with clear, logical development and a sophisticated range of vocabulary. A Band 6 response often fails to provide specific examples for both parts of the question or relies on overly generic statements that lack depth.

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