PTE Academic Write Essay · Advantages and disadvantages

Cost-Benefit Analysis of Modern Healthcare Systems

A high-scoring sample essay with the plan behind it, the vocabulary that lifts it, and what the scoring traits reward.
  • 277 words
  • Advantages and disadvantages
  • advanced
  • 20 minutes

The prompt

Perform a nuanced cost-benefit analysis of healthcare systems, examining both tangible and intangible ramifications across temporal and spatial dimensions. In your assessment, determine whether the net impact justifies current trajectories, supporting your conclusions with scholarly research and empirical data.

20 minutes. Write 200 to 300 words. A BandLadder practice prompt, not a recalled exam question.

Advantages and disadvantages

Plan before you write

  1. 1

    Position

    While healthcare systems impose substantial fiscal burdens on national budgets, their role in fostering human capital and social stability renders them an essential, net-positive investment.

  2. 2

    Paragraph 2

    The tangible economic advantages of a healthy workforce, including increased productivity and reduced long-term dependency.

  3. 3

    Paragraph 3

    The intangible societal benefits, such as ethical imperatives, public trust, and the mitigation of systemic inequality.

  • →If the question says outweigh, decide which side wins and say so in the introduction.
  • →One paragraph for advantages, one for disadvantages, each with a concrete example.
  • →The conclusion must give the verdict; listing both sides without one loses task response.

Model answer

Sample essay

High-scoring sample277 words. Use the structure and vocabulary, not the sentences: PTE flags memorised templates.

Healthcare systems represent one of the most complex fiscal commitments for contemporary states. While the financial expenditure required to sustain universal or comprehensive medical coverage is immense, a nuanced analysis reveals that these systems yield profound advantages that transcend simple monetary metrics, ultimately justifying their current trajectories.

From a tangible perspective, the economic argument for robust healthcare is anchored in human capital theory. A healthy population is inherently more productive, contributing to higher GDP growth and diminished welfare dependency. For instance, empirical research from the World Health Organization indicates that every dollar invested in universal health coverage yields significant returns in economic activity by reducing absenteeism and preventing chronic illnesses that would otherwise necessitate costly emergency interventions. Thus, the fiscal outlay is not merely an expense but a strategic investment in a nation's most valuable asset.

Intangibly, healthcare systems serve as a cornerstone of social cohesion and ethical governance. By providing universal access, societies mitigate the profound disparities that arise when medical care is treated exclusively as a luxury commodity. This spatial equity fosters public trust and social stability, which are vital for long-term political resilience. For example, the implementation of the National Health Service in the United Kingdom fundamentally altered societal expectations of state support, reinforcing the notion that health is a human right rather than a privilege. This intangible benefit of collective security is indispensable for a functioning democracy.

In conclusion, despite the significant budgetary constraints, the combined economic and social dividends of modern healthcare systems far outweigh the costs. By prioritizing longitudinal health outcomes, governments ensure sustainable development and protect the welfare of their citizens, thereby justifying the continued prioritization of these essential services.

Scoring traits

Why this scores well

This essay scores highly due to its sophisticated lexical range and cohesive logical progression between economic and ethical arguments. The most common mistake on this prompt is failing to address both tangible and intangible dimensions, often resulting in a narrow focus that ignores the prompt's requirement for a nuanced analysis.

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8 words

Vocabulary from the essay

  • fiscal

    relating to government revenue and public money

  • human capital

    the skills and health of a population

  • absenteeism

    the practice of regularly staying away from work

  • longitudinal

    involving the study of changes over time

  • mitigate

    to make something less severe or painful

  • resilience

    the capacity to recover quickly from difficulties

  • commodity

    a raw material or product that is traded

  • indispensable

    absolutely necessary and cannot be done without

See also the Write Essay guide.

Frequently asked questions

How long should a PTE essay be?+

Between 200 and 300 words; outside that range the form score drops to zero. This sample is 277 words, written for the 20-minute limit.

What type of essay is this?+

Advantages and disadvantages. If the question says outweigh, decide which side wins and say so in the introduction.

What does PTE reward in the essay?+

This essay scores highly due to its sophisticated lexical range and cohesive logical progression between economic and ethical arguments. The most common mistake on this prompt is failing to address both tangible and intangible dimensions, often resulting in a narrow focus that ignores the prompt's requirement for a nuanced analysis.

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