The line graph illustrates the demographic changes in Japan across three age groups from 1960, with projections extending to 2040. Overall, the proportion of the working-age population (25-64) has remained the largest throughout the period, while the elderly population (65+) has experienced a dramatic upward trend, contrasting with the decline in the youngest age group (0-14).
In 1960, the 25-64 age group accounted for 65% of the population, peaking at 70% in 1970 and 1990. However, this figure is projected to decline to 57% by 2040. Conversely, the 65+ demographic started at a mere 5% in 1960 and remained stable until 1970. From 1980 onwards, this group began a steady climb, reaching 30% by 2020 and is forecast to reach 35% by 2040, overtaking the 0-14 age group.
The 0-14 age group, which stood at 30% in 1960, experienced a brief peak of 35% in 1970 before entering a long-term downward trend. By 2000, it had fallen to 20%, and it is expected to continue its decline, reaching a low of 10% by 2040. This highlights a clear ageing trend in Japan's population structure.