The line graph illustrates the historical and projected population figures for India and China between 2000 and 2050. Overall, it is clear that India is set to undergo a steady upward trend, whereas China’s population trajectory is expected to follow a bell-shaped curve.
In 2000, India had a population of 1.0 billion, significantly lower than China’s 1.26 billion. Over the following three decades, India’s population grew consistently, reaching 1.45 billion by 2030. During this same timeframe, China’s population also increased, albeit at a slower rate, rising from 1.26 billion to a peak of 1.45 billion in 2030, at which point the two nations’ population figures intersected.
From 2030 onwards, the trends diverge sharply. India’s population is forecast to continue rising, albeit at a slightly moderated pace, reaching 1.59 billion by 2050. Conversely, China is projected to experience a gradual decline after 2030, with its population falling to 1.39 billion by 2050. Consequently, by the end of the period, India is expected to have a substantially larger population than China, reversing the demographic situation observed at the start of the millennium.