Academic Writing Task 1 · pie chart

Proportions of energy produced in a country from 1983 to 2003: IELTS Writing Task 1 sample answer

An IELTS Writing Task 1 pie chart question with a Band 8 sample answer, the chart redrawn with its data, the vocabulary that lifts the report and how to write about pie charts.
  • 182 words
  • Pie charts
  • Academic
  • 20 minutes

The question

The pie charts indicate changes in the proportions of energy produced in a country from 1983 to 2003.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words.

Energy production in 1983 (%)
  • Hydropower: 4%
  • Oil: 42%
  • Nuclear power: 20%
  • Coal: 23%
  • Natural gas: 11%
View the data
CategoryValue (%)
Hydropower4
Oil42
Nuclear power20
Coal23
Natural gas11
Energy production in 2003 (%)
  • Hydropower: 4%
  • Oil: 38%
  • Nuclear power: 24%
  • Coal: 13%
  • Natural gas: 21%
View the data
CategoryValue (%)
Hydropower4
Oil38
Nuclear power24
Coal13
Natural gas21

Chart redrawn by BandLadder from the data in the original IELTS practice task. Many IELTS practice tasks come from the Cambridge IELTS series (Cambridge University Press & Assessment); all rights in the original tasks remain with their owners.

Model answer

Band 8 sample answer

Band 8182 words. Every figure in the answer comes from the chart above.

The pie charts illustrate the shifts in the percentage of energy generated from five distinct sources in a specific country between 1983 and 2003.

Overall, oil remained the dominant energy source, despite a slight decrease in its share. Conversely, natural gas and nuclear power became increasingly important, while coal production fell significantly. Hydropower remained the least significant contributor, maintaining a stable proportion throughout the two decades.

In 1983, oil accounted for the largest share of energy production at 42%, followed by coal at 23% and nuclear power at 20%. Natural gas and hydropower contributed 11% and 4% respectively. By 2003, oil production had decreased to 38%, yet it still held the largest share. The most dramatic change occurred in natural gas, which nearly doubled its contribution from 11% to 21%. Similarly, nuclear power increased its share from 20% to 24%.

In contrast, coal production saw a sharp decline, dropping from 23% in 1983 to 13% in 2003. Meanwhile, the proportion of energy derived from hydropower remained unchanged at 4% over the twenty-year period, continuing to be the smallest source of energy production.

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Pie charts

How to write about pie charts: tips and vocabulary

  • →Name the largest and smallest shares in the overview.
  • →Use proportion language: a quarter, just under half, the majority.
  • →With two pies, compare the same slice across both.
  • dominant

    the most important or powerful source of energy

  • dramatic

    a sudden and very noticeable change in value

  • decline

    a gradual and continuous decrease in a number

  • proportion

    a part or share in relation to whole

  • conversely

    introducing a statement that reverses the previous idea

  • stable

    not likely to change or fluctuate over time

Frequently asked questions

What should the overview say?+

While oil remained the primary energy source throughout the period, natural gas and nuclear power saw significant growth, whereas coal production experienced a notable decline.

How many words and how long for IELTS Writing Task 1?+

At least 150 words; 170 to 200 is the safe range. Spend about 20 minutes on it and leave 40 for Task 2, which carries twice the marks.

How is IELTS Writing Task 1 scored?+

On four criteria: task achievement, coherence and cohesion, vocabulary, and grammatical range and accuracy. A clear overview of the main features is what most separates Band 6 from Band 7 and above.

How do I describe pie charts?+

Name the largest and smallest shares in the overview. Use proportion language: a quarter, just under half, the majority. With two pies, compare the same slice across both.

Keep practising

More pie charts

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