Academic Writing Task 1 · line graph

Trends in free time activities among elderly Americans from 1980 to 2010: IELTS Writing Task 1 sample answer

An IELTS Writing Task 1 line graph question with a Band 8 sample answer, the chart redrawn with its data, the vocabulary that lifts the report and how to write about line graphs.
  • 194 words
  • Line graphs
  • Academic
  • 20 minutes

The question

The graph below shows how elderly people in the United States spent their free time between 1980 and 2010.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words.

Free time activities of the elderly in the United States from 1980 to the present (%)
0204060801001980s1990s2000s2010s
  • Reading
  • Hiking
  • Theatre
  • Watching TV
  • Surfing the Internet
View the data
1980s1990s2000s2010s
Reading30402060
Hiking20406080
Theatre50304045
Watching TV60657065
Surfing the Internet5101550

Chart redrawn by BandLadder from the data in the original IELTS practice task. Many IELTS practice tasks come from the Cambridge IELTS series (Cambridge University Press & Assessment); all rights in the original tasks remain with their owners.

Model answer

Band 8 sample answer

Band 8194 words. Every figure in the answer comes from the chart above.

The line graph illustrates changes in the leisure habits of elderly people in the United States across four decades, starting from the 1980s through to the 2010s.

Overall, hiking and surfing the internet experienced significant growth, while watching TV remained the most popular activity for the majority of the period. Reading and theatre attendance showed more volatile patterns throughout the timeframe.

Watching TV began as the most popular activity at 60% in the 1980s, peaking at 70% in the 2000s before dipping slightly to 65% by the 2010s. Hiking showed a consistent upward trend, starting at 20% and rising steadily to reach 80% by the 2010s, making it the most favoured activity by the end of the period. Similarly, surfing the internet saw a gradual increase from a mere 5% in the 1980s to 15% in the 2000s, followed by a sharp surge to 50% in the 2010s.

In contrast, reading fluctuated, rising from 30% to 40% in the 1990s, dropping to 20% in the 2000s, and finally recovering to 60%. Theatre attendance also experienced instability, falling from 50% to 30% between the 1980s and 1990s, before gradually climbing to 45% by the 2010s.

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Line graphs

How to write about line graphs: tips and vocabulary

  • →Overview first: the overall direction of each line and which was highest.
  • →Group lines that move together instead of describing each one in turn.
  • →Give the start and end figures plus the peak or low point, not every value.
  • fluctuated

    changed frequently and irregularly in rise and fall

  • upward trend

    a general direction of increasing values over time

  • peaking

    reaching the highest point before a subsequent decline

  • sharp surge

    a sudden and significant increase in a value

  • favoured

    preferred or chosen more often than other options

  • instability

    the state of being prone to unpredictable change

Frequently asked questions

What should the overview say?+

Overall, hiking and surfing the internet experienced significant growth, while watching TV remained the most popular activity for the majority of the period.

How many words and how long for IELTS Writing Task 1?+

At least 150 words; 170 to 200 is the safe range. Spend about 20 minutes on it and leave 40 for Task 2, which carries twice the marks.

How is IELTS Writing Task 1 scored?+

On four criteria: task achievement, coherence and cohesion, vocabulary, and grammatical range and accuracy. A clear overview of the main features is what most separates Band 6 from Band 7 and above.

How do I describe line graphs?+

Overview first: the overall direction of each line and which was highest. Group lines that move together instead of describing each one in turn. Give the start and end figures plus the peak or low point, not every value.

Keep practising

More line graphs

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