Academic Writing Task 1 · line graph

Trends in three different crime categories in Panama City 2010-2019: IELTS Writing Task 1 sample answer

An IELTS Writing Task 1 line graph question with a Band 8 sample answer, the chart redrawn with its data, the vocabulary that lifts the report and how to write about line graphs.
  • 188 words
  • Line graphs
  • Academic
  • 20 minutes

The question

The chart below shows the changes that took place in three different areas of crime in Panama City from 2010 to 2019.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words.

The changing rates of crime in Panama City, 2010 - 2019 (number of incidents)
01,0002,0003,0004,0005,0002010201120122013201420152016201720182019
  • burglary
  • car theft
  • robbery
View the data
2010201120122013201420152016201720182019
burglary3,4003,7003,1502,6501,6501,0501,4501,4001,5001,350
car theft2,8002,8502,8002,1002,2002,1502,2502,6502,5002,750
robbery700850900750650500650800600700

Chart redrawn by BandLadder from the data in the original IELTS practice task. Many IELTS practice tasks come from the Cambridge IELTS series (Cambridge University Press & Assessment); all rights in the original tasks remain with their owners.

Model answer

Band 8 sample answer

Band 8188 words. Every figure in the answer comes from the chart above.

The line graph illustrates the fluctuations in the number of incidents for three types of crime—burglary, car theft, and robbery—in Panama City between 2010 and 2019.

Overall, burglary saw a dramatic downward trend after an initial peak, whereas car theft remained the second most common crime for most of the period, and robbery consistently recorded the lowest figures.

In 2010, burglary was the most prevalent crime at 3,400 incidents, peaking at 3,700 in 2011 before plummeting to a low of 1,050 in 2015. Although it recovered slightly to 1,500 in 2018, it ended the period at 1,350. Conversely, car theft began at 2,800 in 2010, dipped to 2,100 in 2013, and then fluctuated between 2,150 and 2,750 for the remainder of the decade, eventually overtaking burglary as the most frequent crime from 2014 onwards.

Robbery followed a much lower trajectory, starting at 700 incidents in 2010. It reached a peak of 900 in 2012 before falling to its lowest point of 500 in 2015. Following this, the number of robbery incidents experienced minor variations, finishing the period at 700 in 2019, which was identical to its starting level.

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Line graphs

How to write about line graphs: tips and vocabulary

  • →Overview first: the overall direction of each line and which was highest.
  • →Group lines that move together instead of describing each one in turn.
  • →Give the start and end figures plus the peak or low point, not every value.
  • fluctuations

    irregular rising and falling in numbers or amounts

  • prevalent

    widespread or common at a particular time

  • plummeting

    falling or dropping straight down at high speed

  • trajectory

    the path followed by a development or trend

  • overtaking

    becoming greater or more successful than something else

  • identical

    being exactly the same in every single detail

Frequently asked questions

What should the overview say?+

While burglary experienced a significant overall decline, car theft remained relatively stable with fluctuations, and robbery consistently stayed as the least frequent crime throughout the decade.

How many words and how long for IELTS Writing Task 1?+

At least 150 words; 170 to 200 is the safe range. Spend about 20 minutes on it and leave 40 for Task 2, which carries twice the marks.

How is IELTS Writing Task 1 scored?+

On four criteria: task achievement, coherence and cohesion, vocabulary, and grammatical range and accuracy. A clear overview of the main features is what most separates Band 6 from Band 7 and above.

How do I describe line graphs?+

Overview first: the overall direction of each line and which was highest. Group lines that move together instead of describing each one in turn. Give the start and end figures plus the peak or low point, not every value.

Keep practising

More line graphs

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